Simply Junior

A 401k retirement plan is what most employers opt to use for its employees. But what exactly is a 401k plan? Everyone has heard the term used over and over again, yet not many people understand what it is. This article will work to explain what a safe harbor 401k is and any other pertinent information related to it.

This retirement plan replaced the old pension plans that most people had twenty or more years ago. The reason is that it was hoped that the 401k plan would give the money invested by the employees more potential for growth.

So what is a 401k plan? It is simply a plan that employees and employers invest in. The money that is added to these plans is then invested in the stock market, bonds, mutual funds or other investments. The great thing about these plans are that they are not taxed by capital gains, dividends or interest until they are withdrawn, whether it be before or after retirement. Meanwhile, the tax is deferred on these plans meaning that over a course of time the 401k could be the difference between living the high life in Bermuda or simply making ends meet at your current home once you retire.

The great things about these plans is that since they are such a wide known used plan that when switching employers many times employees can transfer their 401k plans to a new employer. Or in many cases people choose to transfer the 401k to an IRA. Other people when switching their jobs may simply choose to cash out their 401k plan, however, this is not recommended.

Those who are offered safe harbor 401k plans by their employer should take the time and figure out what to invest in. Understanding your options and knowing how the plan works is the first step in making sure when you retire you have a substantial amount of money to retire on.

Here are just three of the many “tips” for retirement planning in 2011. Of course, there are many more, but they all pretty much center around these three in one way or another. After you go through the tips, we’ll get to the truth.

Save Regularly. Make saving for retirement a habit. The best way is to set up automatic deductions from your payroll or your checking account into deposits in mutual funds, IRAs, or other forms of investment. “Pay your-self first” is an adage observed by many financially successful people. An automatic savings plan is the best way to accomplish this, and it is very easy to set up.

Diversify Your Investments. Not only should you diversify within each category of your investment portfolio, such as mutual funds, index funds, and various other investment products, but you can also reduce risk by investing among different categories of investments. Put some of your money in cash, some in bonds, some in stocks, and some in other forms of investment. The factors that can cause one category of investment to do poorly may cause another to do well.

Live Within Your Means. Outline a retirement budget so that you will have a realistic idea of how much income you will need to live out your retirement years. Learn to live on a pay-as-you-go basis and avoid misuse of credit cards. High debt will make it tough to save for retirement. All the money that goes to pay interest, late fees, and old bills is money that could be going into your savings or investment accounts. Learn to handle your credit cards wisely – pay off the card each month, or at least pay more than the minimum. Most importantly, NEVER dip into retirement savings. When you look back at that brand new “whatever” that you thought you just couldn’t live without, you will be glad that you didn’t sacrifice your retirement income by spending irrationally on something that most likely would have turned out to be a disappointment anyway.

The TRUTH: the truth is that according to the majority of polls and statistics, most Americans, literally cannot afford to follow any of these three tips. Life’s “overhead” alone – rent or mortgage payments and property taxes; income taxes, local, state, and federal “fees”; automobile registration fees, insurance premiums, tuition, home and auto repair bills; student loans, alimony and child support (50% divorce rate), and all the other mandatory expenditures – eats up most of every American’s paycheck.

If that were not true, credit card debt, credit card delinquencies, and personal bankruptcies would not be at the highest rate in history, while savings is at an all time low. According to the Federal Reserve’s G.19 report, March 2010, average credit card debt per household with credit card debt is $16,007, and about 56 percent of consumers carried an unpaid balance in the past 12 months. Average total debt in 2009 (including credit cards, mortgage, home equity, student loans and more) for U.S. households with credit card debt is $54,000.

Obviously, the real truth is that the average American is obligated to first pay the overhead, and then pay back the borrowed money, and then save and invest. A feat that, without some new, additional source of income, is impractical, if not impossible.

The best “tip” for most Americans is to find a way to earn more money. Necessity has always been the mother of invention, and the solution to that problem has come about with the ever-expanding global internet market. Because the Internet offers opportunities that never existed before, starting and growing a business has never been as accessible to as many people as it is today. Internet entrepreneurs are finding that they can not only increase their income, they can actually produce enough extra income to pay off their debts, and begin to save and invest.

The IRS is at it again. The stealthy and highly aggressive agency has added two new 1099 tax forms for businesses, requiring extra caution and countless more hours in reporting and preparing your tax returns. This means all business, no matter how small, will be affected. Whether big or small, it is essential to be aware of these new tax extensions NOW- or you could find yourself in BIG trouble when filing your tax return next year.

Additionally, we can expect the number of IRS audits to continue to rise for small-business owners in 2010. About 25% to 30% of my tax relief clients are small businesses with tax problems – so I know how important it is to avoid IRS penalties, IRS audits or other tax problems that could be detrimental to your business.

Neil deMause revealed in his CNNMoney.com article “Stealth IRS changes mean millions of new tax forms” these two new tax extensions:

1) 1099-K – an extension to the 1099 form, which requires businesses to report non-wage income (dividends, earned interest, contract work). The 1099-K addresses “hard -to-track” payment streams used by businesses: credit cards. From 2011, businesses making over 200 payment transactions per year (and totaling over $20,000) through credit or debit cards have to fill out the 1099-K, documenting the year’s transactions and send this to their clients and the IRS.  This will have little effect on companies currently reporting all credit card transactions to the IRS, though if you are not currently in the practice of doing so, it’ll be worth it to anticipate this for the near future.

2) 1099-Misc – used by companies use to record payments to individual service providers and freelance workers, has been massively expanded to include, from 2012, all annual business payments and purchases over $600. While previously payments to corporations and purchases of goods have been excluded, now all businesses need to obtain the taxpayer ID number of firm or individual you are paying. This form will now be a tracking mechanism used for any and all business transactions.

What This Means For Your Business: Swimming in Paperwork and Receipts!

The simple truth is that these extensions to tax legislation are quite the burden. There is a high probability you may get lost in the paperwork and tracking of receipts.  A small business currently spends 3 – 5 hours a year on average filing 1099 forms. A survey conducted by Pennsylvania-based SMC Business Councils, shows that filing these two 1099 extensions for services purchased from corporations only would cause a standard small business at least 200 filings per year and an additional cost of $6,000 in preparing yearly tax returns. This estimate excludes the requirement for filing 1099s for purchases of goods – this would cause a staggering increase.

How did this tax provision blizzard come upon us? This new legislation has been in the works since 2007 when a tax-gap study was conducted. This ‘tax gap’ between businesses and individuals costs the government about $300 billion per year in lost revenue. The study showed that adding additional 1099 tax extension forms could produce $345 billion per year in federal tax revenue and this is where the health reform bill comes into play. These two extension requirements are part of the health reform bill – snuck in the 2,000 page bill, allowing the government to track down unreported income. The goal of this new tax legislation is to catch income that is not currently reported to the IRS.

For more information on these tax extensions,  view draft versions of the 1099-K form and watch a video on “How to avoid a tax audit by the IRS” read the full article on CNNMoney.com.

If your business is under audit or you owe back taxes or IRS penalties – it’s important to get immediate tax relief to protect the future of your business. And you don’t want to go up against the IRS alone without the expert help of a professional tax attorney or Certified Tax Resolution Specialist.

A Recap of What Has Happened: During the earlier part of the decade (2001 – 2006) small businesses found there business environment easily managed. Revenues simply increased by 10% or more every year. Most small business owners are highly skilled in leadership, management, have a sale’s personality and\or a technical skill. These skill sets are a good fit for and can accelerate revenues increases in times which growth occurs.

Small businesses saw a sales increase on the income statement and debt increase on the balance sheet. Generally speaking, small businesses became focused on growth (only revenue growth) and overlooked other accounting metrics. The growth decisions made by small business owners omitted the risks of the overall financial position of the company. A result for small businesses was an expansion of their production capabilities. Companies over expanded their production capabilities through purchasing fixed assets (vehicles, equipment, furniture, etc) through debt obligations. Some businesses made these purchases by being enticed by tax benefits. The tax benefits were paid by debt, which means they received a deduction in the year they made the purchase, but did the cash outflow was over the next several years. This would later come back to haunt small businesses by having cash outflow without an offsetting tax deduction (i.e. paying off debt is not tax deductible).

Small business owners general choose to become a “flow through” entity for taxes (s-corporations and partnership). These entities, generally speaking, do not tax equity distributions (i.e. dividends). The small business owners used the tax regulations to exhaust all capital in their company. This worked efficiently during times when the small business owner could fuel growth through debt. With this no longer the case and small businesses are no longer able to depend on financial institutions for borrowing, small businesses will need to fuel their own growth through their own equity. This means owners will have to sacrifice by leaving monies inside the company (no taking equity distributions).

Overall, from 2002 through 2006 (perhaps even into 2008) being a business owner was fundamentally effortless. Risk was factored out of the equation. Group think began sneaked in. Group think is when no one disagrees or is ostracized for disagreeing. Realists were considered pessimists in the sea of optimists. The realist would be proven the victor, but there would be no celebration.

A Forecast Of & A Solution For The Future: The business environment has changed and will continue to be challenging for several years according to several economists and articles in Barron’s. The business model of the past (easy revenue growth, lots of debt and little equity) no longer matches the current environment. Small businesses have had their revenues cut by up to 30% (if not more) and have had financial institutions not renew and\or call loans. Small businesses will need to reposition their balance sheet to include high current asset balances (especially cash), reduce debts and increase their equity as well as rethink their strategy.

Small business owners need to immediately meet with their board of directors’ and\or advisors (or create a board) to begin to develop a new business model. The new business model will need to help reposition their company’s financial and business position to be able to survive the next several years. Small businesses must become more innovative and efficient so make sure the board participants have the ability to be creative and the environment to speak freely (in order to tell you what you need to hear, not what you want to hear). Speaking of what you may not want to hear, a lot of sacrifice and longer hours may be warranted in the new business model.

Present alternatives help small business owners save a noteworthy amount of money in tax-deferred small business retirement plans. If you’re seeing or running your own business, think big when it comes to saving for retirement. Oftentimes with all the excitement around setting up a company, one tends to forget about retirement plans for them and their employees. Don’t disregard setting up an own retirement plan because fortunately, there are major benefits to small business retirement plans that compensate the time it might take to set one up.

Small business retirement plan does not only allow a business owner to sock away a considerable amount for the future, but it also takes a sizeable tax deduction as well. Small business retirement plans can help fill in any personal savings gaps toward a more financially secured future. What are the benefits of getting small business retirement plans today for business owners? First, they may be able to take a tax deduction just for saving money for the future, secondly, all earnings on their investments grow tax-deferred until withdrawn, and they can include their spouse if they work together and also have a major advantage to offer employees nowadays or when their business gets bigger.

And what about the employees of your small business, are you finding it hard to have savvy employees working for you? The problem might just be on the small business retirement plan presented; it might not be appealing to your employees. So where does one start? Here is a rundown of small business retirement plans option for your employees, based on 2006 rules and requirements, the best plan however, depends on ones needs:

Simplified Employee pension Plan (SEP IRA)

For a handful of employees and looking for a plan that is really low cost and low maintenance, consider this plan. The SEP IRA is funded with tax-deductible employer contributions that cover all eligible employees. Contributions from employees are not allowed. There is no “plan document” and filing annual reports with IRS are not needed. Contributions can differ from year to year, so if your business hits the lean, you are not locked in.

Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees (SIMPLE IRA)

These retirement plans are good for your employees because they allow employee contributions. They command an employer match, only problem is it will not allow you to sock away much for yourself. Annual contributions for 2006 are generally restricted to $10,000 plus an employer matching contribution. If you have a small business with less than ten people, then these small business retirement plans for your employees is a good way to get started.

There are many other small business retirement plans offered for both the owner and employees that can do a lot of good to the business. Also remember that in addition to small business retirement plans, you can also fully fund an IRA and create catch up contributions if you are fifty years old or older.